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How to Cultivate Focus and Emotion to Our Students?

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The Strategies  of Cultivating Focus and Emotion to the Students The Students entering into the classroom have diverse background, condition or situation, and potency. Majority of them have difficulties in focus and emotion, and it is not easy to tell them to cncentrate or focus in learning. They enter into the classroom with empty brain, and they do not have any purposes to go to school. Therefore, the alternative ways or strategies are very urgent. There are ten strategies that can be used to cultivate focus and emotion to our students in learning. Before understanding the strategies, we should know the definition of focus and emotion in advance. A. The definition of Focus and Emotion 1. The Definition of Focus In the educational context, focus denotes the capacity to direct one's attention and concentration towards a specific objective, subject, or task. This entails the ability to eliminate distractions, sustain attention over time, and actively participate in the learning proc
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HOTS. Why HOTS. HOTs in Learning and Assessment Contexts.

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HOTS
Why HOTS?

      HOTS is an instrument used to measure the competance of higher order thinking skill. The "HOTs" deals with the capability of analyzing, creating or solving the events, problems, or situation. Besides, the "HOTS" should be able to show the competence of transfering the concept or knowledge  to the other concepts.  
   The implementat of "HOTS" is not only in the question making or in the assessment system, but also in the learning contexts. 

1. HOTS in the Assessment System

In the assessment system or the question making, there are some items that should be noticed, namly the level of students' thingking, the use of verbs used in the question making.

a. The Level of Students' Thinking

    Each student has different capability in accepting and understanding the lesson. The differences that be used as a measurement in making questions. The teachers can make easy, midle or difficult questions should refer to the differences of the students' thinking level, not based the teachers' wishes. The questions made based on the students' competence or the test wthat to be tested, are called the valid test.

b. The Verbs used In HOTs

   The uses of the verbs in HOTs of course deals with cognitive dimension that not only measure factual, conceptual or procedural concepts, but also describe the capability of using or linking into several diverse concepts. Besides, metagnitive dimenssion should be able to interprete, solve the problem, choose the specific strategy to overcome the events, discover the new method, argue and make correct decision. Furtheremore, the following verbs used in making HOTs namely evaluate, anaylize and create.

2. HOTS in the Learning Contexts

     HOTs is used not only in the assessment system or the question making, but also in the learning contexts.  The application of HOTs in the classroom, the philosophical inquiry model, first applied to school education by Lipman, Sharp and Oscanyan (1980), has two major elements: critical and creative thinking, and forming a classroom environment called a ‘community of inquiry’, to support the development of thinking and discussion skills. This model places emphasis on possibilities and meanings, wondering, reasoning, rigour, logic, and using criteria for measuring the quality of thinking.’‘ The critical and creative thinking are fundamental to students becoming successful learners. Thinking that productive, purposeful and intentional is at the centre of effective learning.
    The application of HOTS will be successful when the teachers encourage the students engage in the high order thinking skill. The teachers should respect and trust that their students have potency of thinking, and disdain their students.
   Besides, the teachers should be able to grow or develop their students' thinking, like by giving the opportunities to the students to express their opinion, and overcome the events or problem by their own ways belonged.
    Thinking is a process than needs training because it is not easy and still strange for the students; therefore, the teachers should train their students to develop their thought. There are some ways to encourage the students to express their thought like by giving stimulus, like with the recent events taking place, or to observe the events taking place in their around as real world. 
     
  



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